This lab starts with a basic OSPF configurations and verification.
R1:
ip address 45.45.45.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback46
ip address 45.45.46.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback47
ip address 45.45.47.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 20.0.0.1 255.224.0.0
duplex half
!
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 20.0.0.0 0.31.255.255 area 0
network 45.45.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 45.45.46.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 45.45.47.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
______________________________________________________________________________________________
R2:
interface FastEthernet0/0ip address 20.0.0.2 255.224.0.0
duplex half
!
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
serial restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
!
router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 20.0.0.0 0.31.255.255 area 0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R3:
interface Loopback20
ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback21
ip address 20.20.21.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback22
ip address 20.20.22.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 15.15.15.1 255.255.255.0
duplex half
!
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
!
router ospf 2
router-id 3.3.3.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 15.15.15.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 20.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 20.20.21.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 20.20.22.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
___________________________________________________________________________________
R4:
interface Loopback1
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback2
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Loopback3
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 15.15.15.2 255.255.255.0
duplex half
!
!
!
router ospf 2
router-id 4.4.4.1
log-adjacency-changes
redistribute rip metric 25 metric-type 1 subnets
network 15.15.15.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.1.0
network 192.168.2.0
network 192.168.3.0
no auto-summary
!
____________________________________________________________________________________
The next step is to verify neighborship between the routers
R1:
R1#SH IP OSpf NEighborNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 20.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
____________________________________________________________________________________
R2:
R2#SH IP OSpf NEighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
3.3.3.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 1.1.1.2 Serial1/0
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 20.0.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R3:
R3#SH IP OSpf NEighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 1.1.1.1 Serial1/0
4.4.4.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:30 15.15.15.2 FastEthernet0/0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R4:
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
3.3.3.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:34 15.15.15.1 FastEthernet0/0
___________________________________________________________________________________
Note: Pay attention to the state of the neighbor:
- R1 identifies R2 as the BDR for the broadcast network:
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 20.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
- R2 identifies R1 as the DR for the broadcast network:
- R2 identifies R3 as FULL/-, this happens on Point-to-Point networks where only one router is connected at the other end of the link.
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
3.3.3.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 1.1.1.2 Serial1/0
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 20.0.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
___________________________________________________________________________________
Let's take a brief look at LSA's and LSA types:
LSA type 1 (Router): Type 1 LSA's are sent by all routers in an area describing their directly connected networks. These LSA's do not leave the area.
LSA type 2 (Network): Type 2 LSA's are sent by the DR in a non-broadcast multiaccess network describing all connected routers on the segment. These LSA's do not leave the area
LSA type 3 (Summary): Type 3 LSA's are sent by the ABR to describe a route to neighbors outside of the area
LSA type 4 (Summary): Type 4 LSA's are sent by the ABR describing the IP address of the ASBR.
LSA type 5 (External): Type 5 LSA's are sent by the ASBR describing routes that are being redistributed into the area.
LSA type 7 Not so Stubby area(NSSA): Are sourced from a router in a NSSA
___________________________________________________________________________________
Let's take a look at the OSPF database
R1:
R1#sh ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1534 0x80000006 0x0077B4 4
2.2.2.1 2.2.2.1 1488 0x80000006 0x0058EF 3
3.3.3.1 3.3.3.1 1284 0x80000003 0x00E898 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 1534 0x80000002 0x006CC7
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
15.15.15.0 3.3.3.1 1284 0x80000002 0x0025DE
20.20.20.1 3.3.3.1 1284 0x80000002 0x00668D
20.20.21.1 3.3.3.1 1284 0x80000002 0x005B97
20.20.22.1 3.3.3.1 1284 0x80000002 0x0050A1
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
4.4.4.1 3.3.3.1 775 0x80000002 0x009A88
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
192.168.1.0 4.4.4.1 715 0x80000002 0x007132 0
192.168.2.0 4.4.4.1 975 0x80000002 0x00663C 0
192.168.3.0 4.4.4.1 975 0x80000002 0x005B46 0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R2:
R2#SH IP OSpf Database
OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 133 0x80000007 0x0075B5 4
2.2.2.1 2.2.2.1 116 0x80000007 0x0056F0 3
3.3.3.1 3.3.3.1 1921 0x80000003 0x00E898 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 133 0x80000003 0x006AC8
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
15.15.15.0 3.3.3.1 1921 0x80000002 0x0025DE
20.20.20.1 3.3.3.1 1921 0x80000002 0x00668D
20.20.21.1 3.3.3.1 1921 0x80000002 0x005B97
20.20.22.1 3.3.3.1 1921 0x80000002 0x0050A1
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
4.4.4.1 3.3.3.1 1412 0x80000002 0x009A88
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
192.168.1.0 4.4.4.1 1352 0x80000002 0x007132 0
192.168.2.0 4.4.4.1 1611 0x80000002 0x00663C 0
192.168.3.0 4.4.4.1 1611 0x80000002 0x005B46 0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R3:
R3#SH IP OSpf DAtabase
OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.1) (Process ID 2)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 271 0x80000007 0x0075B5 4
2.2.2.1 2.2.2.1 254 0x80000007 0x0056F0 3
3.3.3.1 3.3.3.1 31 0x80000004 0x00E699 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 271 0x80000003 0x006AC8
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
15.15.15.0 3.3.3.1 31 0x80000003 0x0023DF
20.20.20.1 3.3.3.1 31 0x80000003 0x00648E
20.20.21.1 3.3.3.1 31 0x80000003 0x005998
20.20.22.1 3.3.3.1 31 0x80000003 0x004EA2
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
4.4.4.1 3.3.3.1 1548 0x80000002 0x009A88
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
3.3.3.1 3.3.3.1 1797 0x80000006 0x008945 4
4.4.4.1 4.4.4.1 1746 0x80000004 0x00981E 1
Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
15.15.15.1 3.3.3.1 1797 0x80000002 0x0018D1
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.1.0 3.3.3.1 33 0x80000003 0x00836D
20.0.0.0 3.3.3.1 33 0x80000003 0x0042B8
45.45.45.1 3.3.3.1 33 0x80000003 0x0069FC
45.45.46.1 3.3.3.1 33 0x80000003 0x005E07
45.45.47.1 3.3.3.1 33 0x80000003 0x005311
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
192.168.1.0 4.4.4.1 1488 0x80000002 0x007132 0
192.168.2.0 4.4.4.1 1748 0x80000002 0x00663C 0
192.168.3.0 4.4.4.1 1748 0x80000002 0x005B46 0
___________________________________________________________________________________
R4:
R4#SH IP ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (4.4.4.1) (Process ID 2)
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
3.3.3.1 3.3.3.1 1952 0x80000006 0x008945 4
4.4.4.1 4.4.4.1 1900 0x80000004 0x00981E 1
Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
15.15.15.1 3.3.3.1 1952 0x80000002 0x0018D1
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.1.0 3.3.3.1 188 0x80000003 0x00836D
20.0.0.0 3.3.3.1 188 0x80000003 0x0042B8
45.45.45.1 3.3.3.1 188 0x80000003 0x0069FC
45.45.46.1 3.3.3.1 188 0x80000003 0x005E07
45.45.47.1 3.3.3.1 188 0x80000003 0x005311
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
192.168.1.0 4.4.4.1 1641 0x80000002 0x007132 0
192.168.2.0 4.4.4.1 1902 0x80000002 0x00663C 0
192.168.3.0 4.4.4.1 1902 0x80000002 0x005B46 0
___________________________________________________________________________________
Let's verify the contents of the routing table across the network
R1:
R1#SH IP ROUTE
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 20.0.0.2, 01:27:32, FastEthernet0/0
15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 15.15.15.0 [110/66] via 20.0.0.2, 01:23:14, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 20.20.20.1/32 [110/66] via 20.0.0.2, 01:25:49, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 20.20.21.1/32 [110/66] via 20.0.0.2, 01:25:49, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 20.20.22.1/32 [110/66] via 20.0.0.2, 01:25:39, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/91] via 20.0.0.2, 01:17:27, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.2.0/24 [110/91] via 20.0.0.2, 01:18:12, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.3.0/24 [110/91] via 20.0.0.2, 01:18:12, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
__________________________________________________________________________
R2:
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 1.1.1.0/30 is directly connected, Serial1/0
L 1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial1/0
15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 15.15.15.0 [110/65] via 1.1.1.2, 01:14:33, Serial1/0
20.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 20.0.0.0/11 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 20.0.0.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 20.20.20.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.1.2, 01:17:08, Serial1/0
O IA 20.20.21.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.1.2, 01:17:08, Serial1/0
O IA 20.20.22.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.1.2, 01:16:58, Serial1/0
45.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 45.45.45.1 [110/2] via 20.0.0.1, 01:19:01, FastEthernet0/0
O 45.45.46.1 [110/2] via 20.0.0.1, 01:19:03, FastEthernet0/0
O 45.45.47.1 [110/2] via 20.0.0.1, 01:19:03, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/90] via 1.1.1.2, 01:08:48, Serial1/0
O E1 192.168.2.0/24 [110/90] via 1.1.1.2, 01:09:34, Serial1/0
O E1 192.168.3.0/24 [110/90] via 1.1.1.2, 01:09:34, Serial1/0
R2#
__________________________________________________________________________________
R3:
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 1.1.1.0/30 is directly connected, Serial1/0
L 1.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial1/0
15.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 15.15.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 15.15.15.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
O 20.0.0.0/11 [110/65] via 1.1.1.1, 01:18:08, Serial1/0
C 20.20.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback20
L 20.20.20.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback20
C 20.20.21.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback21
L 20.20.21.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback21
C 20.20.22.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback22
L 20.20.22.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback22
45.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 45.45.45.1 [110/66] via 1.1.1.1, 01:18:10, Serial1/0
O 45.45.46.1 [110/66] via 1.1.1.1, 01:18:10, Serial1/0
O 45.45.47.1 [110/66] via 1.1.1.1, 01:18:10, Serial1/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/26] via 15.15.15.2, 01:09:37, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.2.0/24 [110/26] via 15.15.15.2, 01:10:27, FastEthernet0/0
O E1 192.168.3.0/24 [110/26] via 15.15.15.2, 01:10:28, FastEthernet0/0
R3#
___________________________________________________________________________________
R4:
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
15.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 15.15.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 15.15.15.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 20.0.0.0/11 [110/66] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
O 20.20.20.1/32 [110/2] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
O 20.20.21.1/32 [110/2] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
O 20.20.22.1/32 [110/2] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
45.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 45.45.45.1 [110/67] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 45.45.46.1 [110/67] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:50, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 45.45.47.1 [110/67] via 15.15.15.1, 01:13:51, FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback2
192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
L 192.168.2.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback1
192.168.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback3
L 192.168.3.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback3
R4#
_________________________________________________________________________________
Note: I will verify end to end connectivity, if all is well i should be able to ping from R1 to R4 and vice versa.
R1:
R1#PING 192.168.3.1 r 20Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 20, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (20/20), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/64/108 ms
R1#
__________________________________________________________________________________
R4:
R4(config)#do ping 45.45.47.1 r 20Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 20, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 45.45.47.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (20/20), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/70/112 ms
R4(config)#
Note: Everything looks good, this lab config was simple and straight forward. The difficult part is knowing where to look when there are anomalies on the network. Troubleshooting is a MUST have skill. Later in this lab there will be a lot of issues that must be resolved. Once we have a good baseline understanding of the network, the troubleshooting steps will fall into place, hopefully :-)
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